Develop Project Management Plan:Tools and Techniques
　　制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃：工具與技術(shù)
　　1 Project Management Methodology
　　1 項(xiàng)目管理方法系
　　The project management methodology defines a process,which aids a project management team in developing and controlling changes to the project management plan.
　　項(xiàng)目管理方法系確定了協(xié)助項(xiàng)目管理團(tuán)隊(duì)制定和控制項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃變更的過程。
　　2 Project Management Information System
　　2 項(xiàng)目管理信息系統(tǒng)
　　The project management information system,an automated system,is used by the project management team to support generation of the project management plan,facilitate feedback as the document is developed,control changes to the project management plan,and release the approved document.
　　項(xiàng)目管理信息系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)，項(xiàng)目管理團(tuán)隊(duì)利用項(xiàng)目管理信息系統(tǒng)制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃，在制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃時(shí)促進(jìn)反饋，控制項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃的變更，發(fā)布批準(zhǔn)的項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃。
　　Configuration Management System
　　配置管理系統(tǒng)
　　The configuration management system is a subsystem of the overall project management information system.The system includes the process for submitting proposed changes,tracking systems for reviewing and approving proposed changes,defining approval levels for authorizing changes,and providing a method to validate approved changes.In most application areas,the configuration management system includes the change control system.The configuration management system is also a collection of formal documented procedures used to apply technical and administrative direction and surveillance to:
　　配置管理系統(tǒng)是整個(gè)項(xiàng)目管理信息系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)子系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)包括的過程用于提交變更建議，追蹤變更建議的審查與批準(zhǔn)制度，確定變更的批準(zhǔn)級(jí)別，以及確認(rèn)批準(zhǔn)的變更方法。在大多數(shù)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，配置管理系統(tǒng)包含變更控制系統(tǒng)。配置管理系統(tǒng)還是正式形成為文件的程序的全體，用于為下列事項(xiàng)提供技術(shù)和行政指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)督：
　　Identify and document the functional and physical characteristics of a product or component
　　識(shí)別產(chǎn)品或組成部分的功能與實(shí)體特征并形成文件
　　Control any changes to such characteristics
　　控制上述特征的所有變更
　　Record and report each change and its implementation status
　　記錄并報(bào)告每一變更及其實(shí)施狀況
　　Support the audit of the products or components to verify conformance to requirements.
　　輔助產(chǎn)品或組成部分的審查，核實(shí)是否符合要求
　　Change Control System
　　變更控制系統(tǒng)
　　The change control system is a collection of formal documented procedures that define how project deliverables and documentation are controlled,changed,and approved.The change control system is a subsystem of the configuration management system.For example,for information technology systems,a change control system can include the specifications（scripts,source code,data definition language,etc.）for each software component.
　　變更控制系統(tǒng)是正式形成文件的過程的全體，用于確定控制、改變和批準(zhǔn)項(xiàng)目可交付成果和文件的方式、方法。變更控制系統(tǒng)是配置管理系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)子系統(tǒng)。例如，對(duì)于信息技術(shù)系統(tǒng)而言，變更控制系統(tǒng)可以包括每一軟件組件的技術(shù)規(guī)定說明書（腳本、源代碼、數(shù)據(jù)定義語言等）。
　　3 Expert Judgment
　　3 專家判斷
　　Expert judgment is applied to develop technical and management details to be included in the project management plan.
　　在制定應(yīng)列入項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃中的任何技術(shù)與管理細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)都會(huì)用到專家判斷。

Develop Project Management Plan
　　制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃
　　The Develop Project Management Plan process includes the actions necessary to define,integrate,and coordinate all subsidiary plans into a project management plan.The project management plan content will vary depending upon the application area and complexity of the project.This process results in a project management plan that is updated and revised through the Integrated Change Control process.The project management plan defines how the project is executed,monitored and controlled,and closed.The project management plan documents the collection of outputs of the planning processes of the Planning Process Group and includes:
　　制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃過程包括將確定、協(xié)調(diào)與綜合所有部分計(jì)劃所需要的行動(dòng)形成文件，使其成為項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃。項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃的內(nèi)容因項(xiàng)目的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域和復(fù)雜程度而異。這一過程的結(jié)果使項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃通過整體變更控制過程得以更新與修改。項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃確定了執(zhí)行、監(jiān)視、控制和結(jié)束項(xiàng)目的方式與方法。項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃記錄了規(guī)劃過程組的各個(gè)規(guī)劃子過程的全部成果，其中有：
　　The project management processes selected by the project management team
　　項(xiàng)目管理團(tuán)隊(duì)選擇的各個(gè)項(xiàng)目管理過程。
　　The level of implementation of each selected process
　　每一選定過程的實(shí)施水平。
　　The descriptions of the tools and techniques to be used for accomplishing those processes
　　對(duì)實(shí)施這些過程時(shí)使用的工具與技術(shù)所做的說明。
　　How the selected processes will be used to manage the specific project,including the dependencies and interactions among those processes,and the essential inputs and outputs
　　在管理具體項(xiàng)目中使用選定過程的方式和方法，包括過程之間的依賴關(guān)系和相互作用，以及重要的依據(jù)和成果。
　　How work will be executed to accomplish the project objectives
　　為了實(shí)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)所執(zhí)行工作的方式、方法。
　　How changes will be monitored and controlled
　　監(jiān)控變更的方式、方法。
　　How configuration management will be performed
　　實(shí)施配置管理的方式、方法。
　　How integrity of the performance measurement baselines will be maintained and used
　　使用實(shí)施效果測(cè)量基準(zhǔn)并使之保持完整的方式、方法。
　　The need and techniques for communication among stakeholders
　　利害關(guān)系者之間的溝通需要與技術(shù)。
　　The selected project life cycle and,for multi-phase projects,the associated project phases
　　選定的項(xiàng)目生命期和多階段項(xiàng)目的項(xiàng)目階段。
　　Key management reviews for content,extent,and timing to facilitate addressing open issues and pending decisions.
　　高層管理人員為了加快解決未解決的問題和處理未做出的決策，對(duì)內(nèi)容、范圍和時(shí)間安排的關(guān)鍵審查。
　　The project management plan can be either summary level or detailed,and can be composed of one or more subsidiary plans and other components.Each of the subsidiary plans and components is detailed to the extent required by the specific project.These subsidiary plans include,but are not limited to:
　　項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃詳略均可，可由一個(gè)或多個(gè)部分計(jì)劃，以及其他事項(xiàng)組成。每一個(gè)分計(jì)劃和其他組成部分的詳細(xì)程度都要滿足具體項(xiàng)目的需要。這些分計(jì)劃包括但不限于如下內(nèi)容：
　　Project scope management plan
　　項(xiàng)目范圍管理計(jì)劃
　　Schedule management plan
　　進(jìn)度管理計(jì)劃
　　Cost management plan
　　費(fèi)用管理計(jì)劃
　　Quality management plan
　　質(zhì)量管理計(jì)劃
　　Process improvement plan
　　過程改進(jìn)計(jì)劃
　　Staffing management plan
　　人員配備管理計(jì)劃
　　Communication management plan
　　溝通管理計(jì)劃
　　Risk management plan
　　風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理計(jì)劃
　　Procurement management plan
　　采購(gòu)管理計(jì)劃
　　These other components include,but are not limited to:
　　其他組成部分包括，但不限于如下事項(xiàng)：
　　Milestone list
　　里程碑清單
　　Resource calendar
　　資源日歷
　　Schedule baseline
　　進(jìn)度基準(zhǔn)
　　Cost baseline
　　費(fèi)用基準(zhǔn)
　　Quality baseline
　　質(zhì)量基準(zhǔn)
　　Risk register
　　風(fēng)險(xiǎn)登記冊(cè)