試題1

因使用大量的對(duì)象而造成很大的存儲(chǔ)開銷時(shí)，適合采用（ ）模式進(jìn)行對(duì)象共享，以減少對(duì)象數(shù)量從而達(dá)到較少的內(nèi)存占用并提升性能。
A．組合（Composite）
B．享元（Flyweight）
C．迭代器（Iterator）
D．備忘（Memento）

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試題2

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試題3

Software entities are more complex for their size than perhaps any other humanconstruct, because no two parts are alike （at least above the statement level）. If they are, wemake the two similar parts into one, a（ 71 ）, open or closeD． In this respect software systemsdiffer profoundly from computers, buildings, or automobiles, where repeated elements abound．
Digital computers . are themselves more complex than most things people build;they have very large numbers of states This makes conceiving, describing, and testing them harD． Software systems have orders of magnitude more（ 72 ）than computers do
Likewise, a scaling-up of a software entity is not m erely a repetition of the same elementsm larger size; it is necessarily an mcrease in the number of different elements. In most cases, the elements interact with each other in some（ 73 ）fashion: and the complexity of the wholencreases much more than linearly.
The complexity of software is a（an）（ 74 ）property, not an accidental one Hencedescriptions of a software entity that abstract away its complexity often abstract away its essence.Mathematics and the physical sciences made great strides for threecenturies by constructingsimplified models of complex phenomena, deriving properties fiom the models, and verifyingthose properties experimentally. This worked becausethe complexities（ 75 ） in the modelswere not the .essential properties of the phenomena: It does not work when the complexities are the essence.
Many of the classical problems of developing software products derive from this essential complexi and its nonlinear uicreases with size. Not only .technical problems but management problems as well come from the coin plexity.
A． task
B．job
C．subroitune
D．Program
A．states
B．parts
C．conditions
D．Expressions
A．linear
B. nonlinear
C．Parallel
D．Addititive
A. surface
B． Outside
C．exterior
D．Essential
A． fixed
B． Included
C．ignored
D．stabilized

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試題4

（ ）設(shè)計(jì)模式最適合用于發(fā)布/訂閱消息模型，即當(dāng)訂閱者注冊(cè)一個(gè)主題后，此主題有新消息到來時(shí)訂閱者就會(huì)收到通知。
A．適配器（Adapter）
B．通知（Notifier）
C．觀察者（Observer）
D．狀態(tài)（State）

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試題5

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試題6

現(xiàn)有四級(jí)指令流水線，分別完成取指、取數(shù)、運(yùn)算、傳送結(jié)果四步操作。若完成上述操作的時(shí)間依次為 9ns、10ns、6ns、8ns，則流水線的操作周期應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)為  （ ）  ns。
A、6
B、8
C、9
D、10

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試題7

在面向?qū)ο笙到y(tǒng)中，用  （ ）  關(guān)系表示一個(gè)較大的“整體”類包含一個(gè)或多個(gè)較小的“部分”類。
A、泛化
B、聚合
C、概化
D、合成

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試題8

The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of  （1）  and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive  （2）  which is concluded with a well-defined  （3）  and can be further broken down into  （4）  – a complete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to become the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group  （5）  logically by nature.
（1）A、artifacts
B、use-cases
C、actors
D、workers
（2）A、orientations
B、views
C、aspects
D、phases
（3）A、milestone
B、end-mark
C、measure
D、criteria
（4）A、rounds
B、loops
C、iterations
D、circularities
（5）A、functions
B、workflows
C、actions
D、activities

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試題9

在有些程序設(shè)計(jì)語言中，過程調(diào)用和響應(yīng)調(diào)用需執(zhí)行的代碼的綁定直到運(yùn)行時(shí)才進(jìn)行，這種綁定稱為（）。
A．靜態(tài)綁定
B．動(dòng)態(tài)綁定
C．過載綁定
D．強(qiáng)制綁定

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試題10

以下關(guān)于 Cache 的敘述中，正確的是( )
A、在容量確定的情況下，替換算法的時(shí)間復(fù)雜度是影響 Cache 命中率的關(guān)鍵因素
B、Cache 的設(shè)計(jì)思想是在合理成本下提高命中率
C、Cache 的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)是容量盡可能與主存容量相等
D、CPU 中的 Cache 容量應(yīng)大于 CPU 之外的 Cache 容量

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